Weed control & spraying

Weed control and spraying for paddocks and grassland

For paddocks and fields being taken over by docks, thistles, nettles, buttercups or ragwort. The right treatment at the right time can clear most broad-leaved weeds from grassland without reseeding – and ragwort in particular needs dealing with because it is poisonous to horses and livestock.

The work

What’s involved

Weed control in grassland is usually done one of three ways: a boom sprayer across the whole field where weeds are widespread; spot spraying with a knapsack or hand lance where they are scattered; or a weed wiper, which wipes herbicide onto tall weeds such as thistles and rushes and misses the shorter grass below.

Most grassland herbicides target broad-leaved plants and leave grass alive, but they will also kill clover and wildflowers. Tell the contractor if you want to keep clover or have areas that should not be sprayed.

Ragwort is often pulled or dug by hand, especially on small areas or where spraying is not suitable. Every plant, root and all, has to be bagged and taken away – pulled ragwort left lying in the field is more dangerous to horses than the living plant.

Every product label sets a period during which animals must be kept off the treated area, and many say to keep stock off until poisonous weeds such as ragwort have died and disappeared. Ask the contractor which product they will use and what that period is before you book.

When to do it

Most grassland weeds are best sprayed when they are actively growing and at the rosette or leafy stage, before they flower: typically spring for buttercups and ragwort rosettes, and spring or early autumn for docks and thistles. Spraying weeds that have already flowered or been topped recently gives poor results, because there is too little leaf to take up the chemical.

Spraying needs a dry, still day with no rain forecast for several hours. Wind causes drift onto hedges, gardens and watercourses, and rain soon after can wash the product off.

Pricing

What affects the price

  • Area to treat, and whether it is a full boom spray or spot treatment
  • Which weeds, and how thick they are – one product may not cover everything
  • Hand pulling and removal of ragwort, which is slow
  • Products used and how many visits are needed
  • Buffer zones near water, hedges or gardens that must be done by hand
  • Access for the sprayer and distance to the site

Booked through us: £435. Real jobs and what they came to — every field is different, so treat these as what past work cost, not a price for yours.

Good to know

  • Anyone applying professional pesticides as a job in the UK must hold the appropriate certificate of competence. Ask the contractor to confirm theirs before work starts.
  • Spraying is only part of the answer. Bare, overgrazed patches are where weeds get in, so fix drainage, rest the grass and overseed where needed, or they come back.
  • Never leave pulled or sprayed ragwort in the field, and never make hay or haylage from a field with ragwort in it – dried ragwort loses its bitter taste and is readily eaten.
  • Keep records of what was sprayed, where and when. If you have horses, keep the product name and label to hand in case of any reaction.
Common questions

Weed control & spraying: common questions

How do you get rid of ragwort in a horse paddock?
Small numbers are best pulled or dug out, root and all, bagged and taken off site. Larger infestations are usually sprayed at the rosette stage in spring or autumn, keeping horses off until the plants have died and gone. Ragwort grows where grass is thin, so improving the sward stops it coming back.
Is it illegal to have ragwort on your land?
Having ragwort is not in itself illegal, but it is one of the injurious weeds named in the Weeds Act 1959, and landowners can be required to stop it spreading. In England there is a code of practice on how to prevent the spread of ragwort. It is poisonous to horses and cattle, especially when dried in hay.
When should you spray docks and thistles?
When they are actively growing and leafy, before they flower – usually spring or early autumn. Leave them uncut for a few weeks beforehand so there is plenty of leaf. More than one year of treatment is often needed for big infestations.
How long do you keep horses off a sprayed field?
It depends on the product – the label states it, and it can range from a few days to several weeks. Where poisonous weeds like ragwort were present, keep animals off until they have completely died and disappeared. Always ask the contractor for the product label.
Related work

Often booked alongside

  • Paddock topping — Rough grass and thistles cut back before turn-out or in the autumn.
  • Overseeding — Repair thin or worn paddocks with fresh seed.
  • Fertiliser application — Spread evenly, at the right rate, at the right time of year.
  • Flailing — Heavy flail through rough grass, scrub and brambles, cut and left.

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